What does the 'chmod' command do in Unix/Linux systems?

The 'chmod' command in Unix/Linux systems is specifically designed to change file permissions. This command allows a user to control who can read, write, or execute a file or directory, essentially modifying the access rights assigned to files. Permissions are critical for maintaining security and proper access control on a system, enabling users to restrict or grant access to files based on their roles and responsibilities.

When you use 'chmod', you can set permissions for the owner of the file, the group associated with the file, and others (everyone else). The command offers various options and modes to accomplish this, such as numeric (octal) representations or symbolic modes that indicate which permissions to add or remove.

Understanding the function of 'chmod' is essential for anyone managing systems or working with files in Unix/Linux environments, as incorrect permission settings can lead to security vulnerabilities or operational issues.