What type of address do computers use to identify themselves on a network?

Computers use an IP address to identify themselves on a network because it serves as a unique identifier for devices connected to a network. The IP address allows for routing of packets of data between devices, ensuring that information can be sent and received accurately. It is essential for establishing communication over the Internet, as it provides the necessary information for devices to locate and interact with each other.

Each device on a network, whether a computer, smartphone, or server, is assigned an IP address which can be either dynamic (changing over time) or static (fixed). This mechanism is foundational for network communications, as it enables data to be directed to the right destination within complex networks.

Other address types, such as a MAC address, are used for different purposes—specifically for local network communication at the hardware level, while ISP address relates to the Internet Service Provider's identification. A URL address is specifically for accessing resources on the web. These address types serve their own functions but do not fulfill the primary role of identifying devices for network communications like an IP address does.