Which network protocol is used to route IP addresses?

The correct answer, IP, is integral to networking as it defines how data packets are formatted, addressed, routed, and transmitted across networks. IP, or Internet Protocol, is responsible for assigning unique addresses to devices within a network, enabling them to locate and communicate with each other. It establishes the framework for addressing and routing packets to their destination based on the numerical IP addresses assigned to each device.

In addition, IP operates on a principle known as packet switching, where data is broken down into packets that can take various paths through a network but ultimately reach the correct destination according to the routing information contained in each packet header.

The other protocols listed have different roles within network communications: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is used for establishing connections and ensuring reliable transmission, while UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is utilized for applications that require faster delivery but can tolerate some data loss, and ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is primarily used for error reporting and diagnostic functions rather than for routing. Thus, while all play essential roles in networking, IP specifically is the protocol used for routing IP addresses.